Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation quantitative proteomics research of human lens epithelial cells after ultraviolet-B irradiation / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the changes of protein expressions in human lens epithelial cells(SRA01/04)undergoing oxidative damage, hoping to provide new protein target for the pathogenesis of age-related cataract(ARC).METHODS: SRA01/04 cells were divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, cells were irradiated with ultraviolet-B(UVB)for 10min to establish the model of oxidative damage, whereas cells in the control group were untreated. Protein expression profile from the two groups was sequenced by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ). The filtering criteria that fold change >1.2 and p<0.05 was used to determine the differentially expressed proteins(DEPs). Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)database were utilized for functional enrichment analysis of the top 50 DEPs with either up-regulated or down-regulated significance. Furthermore, Pathway commons software was used to establish the protein-protein interaction(PPI)network.RESULTS: Overall, 552 DEPs were screened out. A total of 176 DEPs were up-regulated in the experimental group compared with the control group, including HMGB1 and USP1, while 376 DEPs were down-regulated, including POLR2A and POLR2B. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that the top 50 DEPs with up-regulated or down-regulated significance were involved in various crucial biological processes and signaling pathways. PPI network revealed that oxidative damage repair(ODR)-related proteins might play a key role in UVB-induced oxidative damage.CONCLUSIONS: The expressions of multiple proteins, especially ODR-related proteins, can be altered in SRA01/04 cells via UVB irradiation. These findings may provide cellular-related insights into the pathogenesis of ARC and into proteins or pathways associated with therapeutic targets.

Research progress on autophagic flux regulation in cataract / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Autophagic flux refers to a series of dynamic process of autophagic bilayer membrane formation, autophagosome formation, autophagolysosomes formation and degradation. The etiology of cataract is complex, including congenital abnormalities in lens development due to genetic mutations, oxidative damage due to aging, abnormalities in glucose metabolism due to diabetes, and proliferation of lens epithelial cells(LECs)stimulated by postoperative inflammatory factor, all of which are associated with the development of cataracts. A growing number of research in recent years have discovered that altering the status of LECs can contribute to the pathophysiological process of cataract by regulating autophagic flux. This review summarized the impacts of autophagic flux regulation on cataract.

Ganoderic acid A protects lens epithelial cells from UVB irradiation and delays lens opacity / 中国天然药物

A contributory role of oxidative stress and protection by antioxidant nutrients have been suspected in cataract formation. Ganoderic acid A (GAA), an effective lanostane triterpene, is widely reported as an antioxidant. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential effects of GAA on cataract formation. After lens epithelial cells (LECs) were exposed to UVB radiation for different periods, cell viability, apoptosis-related protein levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were monitored. We found that cell viability, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and SOD activity were increased, while Cleaved caspase-3 levels and MDA activity were decreased compared with those in UVB-impaired LECs after GAA treated. Furthermore, GAA activated PI3K/AKT in UVB-impaired LECs and effectively delayed the occurrence of lens opacity in vitro. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that GAA exhibited protective functions in SRA01/04 cells and rat lenses against UVB-evoked impairment through elevating cell viability and antioxidant activity, inhibiting cell apoptosis, activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and delaying lens opacity.

Research progress on the calculation formulas of IOL / 眼科新进展

The purpose of cataract surgery has been raised from blindness prevention to refractive correction.As the quality of IOL impacts postoperative refractive outcomes,IOL plays a vital role in the surgery.Besides,the choice of calculation formulas of IOL influences the quality of IOL.Accordingly,this article aims to give a review on the latest research progress of IOL calculation formulas.

Measurement and clinical significant of posterior corneal astigmatism / 眼科新进展

Corneal astigmatism includes anterior astigmatism (AA) and posterior astigmatism (PA).According to the hterature,85.0％-96.1％ PA ranging from-0.01 to-1.10 D refers to astigmatism against the rule.With the age increasing,PA shows a significant trend from astigmatism against the rule to with the rule,while AA shows toward against-the-rule astigmatism.Therefore,PA often leads to partially decrease of total astigmatism (TA) in young adults,but the increase of TA in aged elderly.Clinically,ignorance of PA will lead to a false estimate of TA,thereby affecting visual quality after refractive cataract surgery.And this article aims to introduce the measurement of PA and its clinical significance for providing the reference in clinical practices.

Epidemiological survey of age-related macular degeneration in population aged ≥50 years in Funing county, Jiangsu / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:To investigate the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) among people aged 50 years and above in Funing county,Jiangsu province.METHODS:Survey research.Random cluster sampling was used in selecting individuals aged ≥ 50 years in 30 clusters in Funing county.Proportions were compared by using the x2 test and the means compared by using the ttest.Logistic regression was used to detect possible factors of ARMD such as age and gender.RESULTS:A total of 6145 persons aged 50 years were enumerated and 5947 (96.78％) participants were received visual acuity test and eye examination.The prevalence of ARMD was 7.53％,with a total of 448 individuals (633 eyes).The prevalence of blindness and visual impairment for presenting visual acuity were 4.13％ and 11.96％,respectively.The prevalence of blindness and visual impairment for presenting visual acuity were 4.45％ and 7.79％,respectively.Older were significant risk factors of ARMD (OR=1.01,P=0.04).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of ARMD was higher among people aged 50 years and above in Funing county,Jiangsu province.ARMD is one of the leading cause of visual impairment.

Association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms in the calcitonin receptor-like receptor gene with primary angle closure in a Han Chinese population / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

?AIM: To study the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP) rs1157699 in the calcitonin receptor-like receptor ( CRLR ) gene with primary angle closure ( PAC) in a Han Chinese population.?METHODS: All samples, involved 232 PAC cases and 306 controls, were obtained from an epidemiologic survey conducted in Funing, Jiangsu Province, China. Genotyping were carried out by TaqMan-MGB probe using the real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction system to study the relationship between SNP of rs1157699 in CRLR gene and PAC.?RESULTS: The prevalence of CRLRrs1157699 genotype was 67.4%, 30.0%, 2.6% for CC, CT, TT in cases, and 71.3%, 27.0%, 1.7% in controls respectively.There was no difference between the two groups in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies of rs1157699 (P>0.05).?CONCLUSION:Our results do not support a significant role for rs1157699 in CRLR with PAC.

Circulating miR-106a in serum are potential biomarker for renal cell carcinoma / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To detect the circulating miR-106a levels in serum before and after surgery in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma,and to explore its relationship with clinical-pathological parameters.Methods 30 serum samples from patients with renal clear cell carcinoma were collected before and after surgery during February 2013 to July 2014.This study included 30 normal controls.All serum miR-106a levels were detected using the real-time PCR.Results The serum miR-l06a levels in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma pre-operatively wcre significantly greater than normal controls (Z =-4.251,P =0.0001).The serum miR-106a levels in patients post-operatively had no significant differences compared to normal controls (Z =-0.244,P =0.807).The serum miR-106a levels in post-operative samples were significantly lower than the pre-operative samples (Z =-4.229,P =0.0001).Serum miR-106a levels and other clinical-pathological parameters had no correlation in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma(tumor size:Z =-0.775,P =0.439;Fuhrman grade:Z =-1.694,P =0.090).The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to distinguish pre-operative samples and normal controls,its AUC was 0.819 (95％ CI:0.710-0.929,P =0.0001) with 86.7％ sensitivity and 70.0％ specificity.Conclusions The serum miR-106a levels in patients with renal clear cell carcinoma pre-operatively were significantly greater than post-operatively with no correlation in tumor size and Fuhrman grade.The outcome suggested that serum miR-106a can be regarded as a potential molecular marker in renal clear cell carcinoma.

Case-control study on measurement of coracoclavicular and acromioclavicular ligament injuries during internal fixation operation for the treatment of fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocation of Tossy type III / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study measurement methods of acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligament injuries,its therapeutic effects and complications during internal fixation operation for the treatment of fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocations of Tossy type III.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2003 to May 2012,127 patients with acromioclavicular joint dislocations of Tossy type III were treated with wire fixation from coracoid process to clavicle or hook-plate fixation. The patients were divided into group A (63 cases) and group B (64 cases) according to whether acromioclavicular ligament and coracoclavicular ligament were repaired or not. In group A (ligaments repaired), there were 39 males and 24 females with an average age of (33.25 +/- 8.46) years old (ranged from 17 to 59 years). And in group B (no ligaments repaired), there were 41 males and 23 females with an average age of (34.10 +/- 7.19) years (ranged from 19 to 57 years). The operation times, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative infections, internal fixation failure, recurrence and other complications, together with therapeutic effects were compared between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The outcome was analyzed according to Karlsson standard. In group A, 54 patients got an excellent result and 9 good according to Karlsson standard;the average operative time was (55.90 +/- 26.56) min; the average intraoperative bleeding amount was (99.80 +/- 50.30) ml; 1 patient had wire broken without re-dislocation at 16 weeks after operation, 3 patients got wound fat liquefaction and recovered after treatment, 1 patient had pain after shoulder joint motion and pain disappeared after implants were taken out. In group B, 52 patients got an excellent result and 12 good according to Karlsson standard; the average operative time was (49.50 +/- 23.14) min; the average intraoperative bleeding amount was (87.30 +/- 46.41) ml; 2 patients got wound fat liquefaction, and 2 patients had pain after shoulder joint motion. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 9 to 16 months. All internal steel-wire or hook plate were taken out during 4 to 9 months without acromioclavicular joint re dislocation. There were no significant difference in the average operative time, the average intraoperative blood less, complication recurrence rates of fixation failure, wound fat liquefaction, postoperative infection, acromioclavicular joint re-dislocation, and therapeutic effects between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both wire and clavicular hook plate fixation, performed for fresh acromioclavicular joint dislocation with Tossy type III, are simple, effective, less invasive method with less blood loss. In addition, the treatment without ligaments repaired could not increase incidence of complications.</p>

Surgical treatment for incisions fat colliquation or infections at early stage after operation of lumbar disc herniation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the reason, key diagnosic point and therapeutic method of the incisions fat colliquation or infections at early stage after operation of lumbar disc herniation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2007 to May 2012, clinical data of 11 patients with incision fat liquefaction or early infection after lumbar discectomy were retrospectively analyzed. There were 5 males and 6 females with an average age of 43.1 years, and the mean time of incisions fat colliquation or infection was 5 days and a half after operation. The main clinical features included local wound pain aggravating, fervescence, fresh seepage in the wound, and blood inflammatory index increased, etc. The wound could heal at the first treatment stage or not was an evaluation standard of curative effect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up with an average period of 21 months. The wounds of 10 cases healed at the first stage without recurrence and complications. In 1 case infected by staphylococcus aureus, distal part of the wound present local red, swelling and with wave motion at 2 months after operation, staphylococcus aureus infection was confirmed after puncture and bacterial culture, and 1 thrum was found after local incision. The wound healed after change dressings for 1 week, without recurrence after followed up for 13 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Preventing the risk factors before operation, minimizing invasive technique during operation reasonable antibiotics application for the lumbar operation reguiring placement objects, and correctly handling with wound after operation could prevent and reduce the incidence of incisions fat liquefaction or infection after operation of lumbar disc herniation. For incision fat liquefaction or infection, early diagnosis, debridement, VSD negative pressure irrigation and drainage, to choosing sensitive antibiotics according to the results of drug sensitivity, may contribute to wound early healing and decrease complication.</p>

New progresses for science & technology novelty search work in Universities and Colleges and its enlightenment / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Combining the two novelty search work workshops with recent published papers on novelty search in Universities and Colleges,new progresses for science & technology (ST) novelty search in Universities and Colleges have been comprehensive summarized,and some enlightenments have been probed into seminar:a new novelty search experience communication mode and fast development of college ST novelty search work to ST novelty search and innovation.

Experimental study on surface modification of intraocular lens by cyclosporine A-loaded chitosan nanoparticle / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) following cataract extracapsular extraction is a major cause of the reduction of visual acuity.Topical administration of eye drops is a research hotspot for the prevention of PCO.Objective This study was to evaluate the release of cyclosporine A-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (CyA-CS-NP) by ionic gelation in vitro and its feasibility of modification of the surface of polymethylmethacrylate intraocular lens (PMMA IOL) with CyA-CS-NP.Methods The CS-NP and CyA-CS-NP were prepared by ionic gelation of CS with sodium tripolyphosphate.The characteristics of CS-NP,such as the appearance and mean size,and drug entrapment efficient (EE),loading capacity (LC),and the drug release were studied ; the CyA content on the IOL surface was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).The IOL surface modified with CyA-CS-NP was observed by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy technique (XPS),the changes of elements and chemical bond types between simple plasma processed IOL and CyA-CS-NP modified IOL were analyzed.The transmittance at the wavelength of 360-490 nm and refraction of IOL were detected using back focal length method and spectrophotometer,and the effective resolution of IOL was evaluated according to the instruction of ISO/CD 11979-2.Loops anti fatigue test of IOL referred to the criteria of ISO/CD 11979-3.Results The CS-NP and CyA-CS-NP showed monodisperse,uniform appearance similar to spherical shape with a mean size of (158±18) nm and (219±29) nm,respectively.The CyA-CS-NP had high CyA association efficiency and loading capacity (64.2％ and 7.6％).In vitro release study revealed a fast release on the first day followed by a increased drug release during an 11-day following up.The sustained release was approximately 46.6％ at day 1 and 77.7％ at day 12,respectively.The surface of IOLs with cling film was smooth without CS-NP;while the edge of IOLs appeared a layer of CyA-CS-NP after modification.XPS analysis displayed some elements such as phosphonium,CNH2 and O =CN that appeared on the modified surface,indicating that CyA-CS-NP existed on the surface of IOLs edge.The mean quality of CyA on three IOLs surface after modification was 171.88 μg.The diopter,distinguishing ability and transmittance of modified IOL were (16.64±0.23) D,(90.28 ± 0.25) ％ and (73.57 ±0.62) ％,and those of unmodified IOL were (16.62±0.29) D,(90.28±0.21) ％,(73.61±0.60)％,without significant differences between them (t =0.381,0.078,2.291,all at P ＞ 0.05).The antifatigue ability of loops complied with the criteria of ISO/CD 11979-3.Conclusions The optical property and antifatigue ability of loops of the edge-modified IOLs by CyA-CS-NP reach the normal standard and meet the requirement of clinic application.The edge-modified IOLs by CyA-CS-NP can be a delivery system for intraocular drug release.

Analysis of Myocilin gene regulatory network using a genetic genomics approach / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background The pathogenesis of primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) and high myopia are very complex.To construct the regulatory network of virulence genes and relevant genes that involved in pathogenicity are helpful for reveal of the pathogenesis.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate myocilin(Myoc),a gene that contributes to POAG and high myopia in eyes of BXD Recombinant Inbred(BXD RI)mice and construct the regulatory network of Myoc.Methods The affymetrix microarray system was used to detect the differential expression of Myoc in the eyes of C57BL/6J(B6),DBA/2J(D2) and BXD RI mice.Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) mapping was performed to construct the regulatory network of Myoc gene.Results The average expression level of the Myoc gene in the BXD strains was 10.83,and the gene exhibited expression levels ranging from 8.39 in BXD55 mice tol 1.43 in B6 mice.The eQTL mapping for the Myoc gene showed a significant likelihood ratio statistic (LRS) of 21.78.The QTL was mapped in chromosome 2,and Myoc was located on chromosome 1,indicating that the Myoc gene was a trans-acting QTL.Olfml2a was identified to be a candidate upstream gene of Myoc by analysis of bioinformatics.Genetic regulatory network analysis demonstrated that a series of genes associated with Myoc probably played roles in the pathogenesis and development of POAG and high myopia.Conclusions The genetical genomics approach provides a powerful tool for constructing pathways that contribute to complex traits,such as POAG and high myopia.

Quantitative assessment of DNA damage directly in age-related cataract patients / 中华实验眼科杂志

Background Age-related cataract is one of the common causes of blindness.Although the pathophysiology of age-related cataract is far from clearly understood,it is well accepted that DNA damage plays an important role in the disease pathogenesis.Objective The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of age-related cataract.Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out.This study complied Declaration of Helsinki and approved by Ethic Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Two hundred and eleven patients with agerelated cataract and 147 normal subjects were enrolled from a “ Jiangsu Eye Study:Funing 2011 Eye Disease Epidemic Survey”.All the subjects aged from 50 through 80 years with matched age and gender between the two groups.The percentage of tail DNA and Olive tail moment (OTM) were detected by comet assay to assess the extent of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes.Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 17.0 software,and the differences of the percentage of tail DNA and OTM were compared between the age-related cataract group and normal control group by independent sample t test as well as among the 50-59 years group,60-69 years group and ≥70 years group by one-way analysis of variance.Results Comet assay showed a round lymph cell with the clear border in the normal group;while in the age-related cataract group,the cell was bigger with a comet-like tail.The percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (21.75 ± 3.51) ％ and 6.54 ± 1.65 in the age-related cataract group,and those in the normal control group were (9.31 ±3.60)％ and 2.18 ± 1.10,respectively,with significant differences between them (t =32.67,P =0.00 ; t =28.02,P =O.00).In the 50-59 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.04±2.86) ％ and 5.92± 1.14,and in the 60-69 years subgroup of the age-related cataract group,the percentage of tail DNA and OTM in peripheral lymphocytes were (20.77 ±2.93) ％ and 6.13 ± 1.14,which were significantly reduced in comparison with (22.79 ± 3.67)％ and 6.95±1.91 of the ≥70years subgroup(TailDNA％:q=2.75,P=0.00; q=2.02,P=0.00;OTM:q=1.03,P =0.02 ; q =0.82,P =0.00).Conclusions The pathogenesis and development of age-related cataract probably is associated with DNA damage.

Fasudil reverses monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects and related mechanisms of fasudil on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 56 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: 4 weeks control group (N4), 4 weeks PAH group (M4), 8 weeks control group (N8), 8 weeks PAH group (M8), 8 weeks PAH and fasudil group (F8). PAH was induced by subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (50 mg/kg). Animals in F8 group received intraperitoneal injection of fasudil hydrochloride (15 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)) from the end of the 4th week to the end of the 8th week. Rats in control groups and PAH groups received equal volume saline injection. Polyethylene catheters were inserted into the RV through the jugular vein for right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) measurements after various treatment protocols. RV hypertrophy index [RV/(LV+S)] was also measured. Arteries of 50 to 150 µm were evaluated for the median wall thickness and wall area by HE staining as follows: percent wall thickness (WT%) = [(medial thickness×2/external diameter)]×100 and percent wall area (WA%) = (wall area/total area)×100%. The mRNA expression of ROCK-1 in lung tissue was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The protein expressions of ROCK-1 and MYPT-1 in lung tissue were analyzed by Western blot and MYPT-1 phosphorylation, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-one rats survived and mortality rate was zero in N4, N8 and M4 groups. Survival rate was significantly higher in F8 group compared to M8 group (75.00% vs. 31.25%, P < 0.05). At the end of the 4th week, RVSP [(62.25 ± 3.24) vs. (31.33 ± 2.35) mm Hg(1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa)], mPAP [(36.38 ± 2.31) vs.(20.32 ± 1.81) mm Hg], [RV/(LV+S)] (0.5648 ± 0.0580 vs. 0.3458 ± 0.0455), WT% [(25.63 ± 5.35)% vs.(13.38 ± 3.45)%], WA% [(60.36 ± 2.51)% vs. (38.42 ± 2.84)%] were all significantly higher in M4 group than in N4 group (all P < 0.01). RVSP [(54.64 ± 4.11) vs. (67.37 ± 4.68) mm Hg], mPAP [(26.25 ± 2.32) vs. (39.83 ± 1.83) mm Hg], and markedly relieve [RV/(LV+S)] (0.3985 ± 0.0210 vs. 0.7600 ± 0.0341), WT% [(15.64 ± 2.81)% vs. (28.26 ± 4.38)%], WA% [(40.35 ± 2.82)% vs. (68.83 ± 1.63)%] were all significantly lower in F8 group than in M8 group (all P < 0.05) while the expression of ROCK-1 mRNA (1.2139 ± 0.1778 vs. 1.6839 ± 0.3251, P < 0.01), and the protein expression of ROCK-1 and MYPT-1 as well as the extent of MYPT-1 phosphorylation were all downregualted in F8 group compared to M8 group (all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Fasudil can effectively reverse the MCT-induced PAH in rats via downregulating ROCK-1 and MYPT-1.</p>

Biomechanical supporting effect of tantalum rods for the femoral head with various sized lesions: a finite-element analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Features of necrotic lesions and various interventions could affect the biomechanics of the femoral head. A three-dimensional finite-element analysis was designed to demonstrate necrotic femoral head stress changes with various sizes of necrotic lesions, and evaluate the effect of tantalum rods on preventing femoral head cracking.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Femoral computed tomography scans were used to build a normal three-dimensional finite-element femoral head model in a computer. Based on the normal model, necrotic models of different lesion diameters (15 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm) were created, as were the repaired models with tantalum rods for each diameter. After a series of meshing and force loading, the von Mises stress distributions, simulating single-legged stance, and stresses on specific points under loaded conditions were determined for each model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Deep exploration into the burdened area of the femoral head indicated that higher stresses to the femoral head were observed with a larger necrotic lesion; the largest stress concentration, 91.3 MPa, was found on the femoral head with a lesion diameter of 30 mm. By contrast, topical stress on the surface of the necrotic regions was lowered following implantation of a tantalum rod, and the changes in stress were significant in models with lesions of 15 mm and 30 mm in diameter, with the best biomechanical benefit from the tantalum rod found with a lesion diameter of 15 mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Femoral heads with larger necrotic lesions usually have a higher stress concentration and a higher risk of collapse. Various sized lesions on the femoral head can benefit from the mechanical support offered by the implantation of a tantalum rod; however, femoral heads with smaller sized lesions may benefit more. A thorough evaluation of the lesion size should be conducted prior to the use of tantalum rod implants in the treatment of femoral head necrosis.</p>

Effects of rosuvastatin on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary artery hypertension in rats / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of rosuvastatin on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary artery hypertension in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Pulmonary arterial hypertension was induced by a single subcutaneous injection of monocrotaline (50 mg/kg) in rats. In the prevention protocol, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 each): low-dose rosuvastatin prevention group (2 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)), high-dose rosuvastatin prevention group (10 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)), pulmonary arterial hypertension group, normal control group. Beginning on the MCT injection day, rats were treated with rosuvastatin by daily gavage for 4 weeks. Normal control group and pulmonary arterial hypertension group received vehicle by gavage. In the treatment protocol, 52 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 13 each): low-dose rosuvastatin treatment group (2 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)), high-dose rosuvastatin treatment group (10 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1)), pulmonary arterial hypertension group, normal control group. Four weeks after MCT injection, rats were treated with rosuvastatin by daily gavage for 4 weeks. Normal control group and pulmonary arterial hypertension group received vehicle by gavage. At the end of study, survival rates, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), wall thickness of small pulmonary artery and right ventricular hypertrophy among groups were compared. The expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and endothelial nitricoxide synthase (eNOS) protein in small pulmonary artery, the expression levels of Rho kinase 1(ROCK-1) and eNOS mRNA in lung tissue were also detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All rats in the prevention protocol survived. Rosuvastatin treatment improved survival in the treatment protocol (58%, 75% vs.30%, P < 0.05). Rosuvastatin therapy in both preventive or treatment protocols significantly lowered mPAP [prevention protocol: (27.53 ± 3.43), (25.72 ± 1.76) vs. (36.05 ± 2.45) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa), P < 0.01; treatment protocol: (30.39 ± 3.17), (27.59 ± 1.99) vs. (40.68 ± 1.39) mm Hg, P < 0.01], reduced thickening of small pulmonary artery wall (P < 0.01) and right ventricular hypertrophy (P < 0.01). Rosuvastatin also inhibited PCNA expression of SMC (P < 0.01), restored eNOS expression of EC (P < 0.05) and inhibited ROCK-1 mRNA expressions in lung tissue (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Rosuvastatin therapy reduced mPAP in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension rat model and this effect is linked with inhibition of ROCK-1 expression, inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation and restoration of endothelial cell functions.</p>

Perforin gene mutations in patients with acquired severe aplastic anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to explore whether the perforin gene 1 (PRF1) mutation is the basis of genetic susceptibility to pathogenesis of acquired severe aplastic anemia (SAA). DNA exon2 and exon3 of PRF1 gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 31 SAA patients and 15 normal controls were amplified by PCR; the sequencing was performed by using ABI pRISM 373OXL sequencer; the mutation loci were sought through checking sequences with GenBank-reported sequences; after the mutation sequences were found, those were cloned into M13 phage vector, then the corresponding sequences of gained 2 chromosomes were sequenced respectively to determine the distribution of different mutations on chromosomes. The results showed that (1) one homozygous mutation (822 C > T, synonymous mutation) and one heterozygous mutation (907 G > A, methionine 303 valine) were found in PRF1 coding region of 2 SAA patients. These mutations were not detected in normal controls. (2) 1 SNP (rs885822) in the coding region was detected in SAA patients and controls, and the heterozygosity rate between the 2 groups was different (p < 0.05). It is concluded that perforin gene mutation may be one risk factor in the aberrant proliferation and activation of cytotoxic T cells in pathogenesis of a part of patients with aplastic anemia.

Comparison between 64-slice computed tomography and coronary angiography in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography and coronary angiography in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The imaging data of both 64-slice computed tomography and coronary angiography in 65 patients were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among the 455 coronary arteries evaluated, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 64-slice computed tomography were 54.6%, 95.1%, and 85.5%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>64-slice computed tomography has a good potential in the diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis with excellent sensitivity and specificity.</p>

Treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation with steel wire or clavicular hook plate / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the operative method and effect of the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation with steel wire or clavicular hook plate.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-seven patients were reviewed in the study. In group A 34 patients were treated with steel wire internal fixation including 24 males and 10 females with an average age of 31.2 years ranging from 18 to 52. In group B 33 patients were treated with clavicular hook plate internal fixation including 19 males and 14 females with an average age of 30.9 years ranging from 19 to 50. Compared the time of operation and bleeding and postoperative complications between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The time of operation was (48.90 +/- 36.56) min in groups A and (79.50 +/- 29.34) min in group B,the time of group A was shorter than that of group. The bleeding during operation was (49.70 +/- 52.36) ml in group A and (121.10 +/- 49.08) ml in group B, the bleeding of group A was less than that of group B. Only 1 case in group A occurenced fixation failing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation with steel wire is a simple and small wounds and effective way.</p>